Exception: Could not find closing tag </standard:image>


Debug Info:
- $strSnippet: 'Fuente de datos: https://gifttree.co.nz/media/commerce_products/79404/9906afb1-8532-463b-9a4a-d21b4e83e3b6.jpg Fuente de datos: https://cf.cjdropshipping.com/9906afb1-8532-463b-9a4a-d21b4e83e3b6.jpg?x-oss-process=image%2Fformat%2Cwebp Fuente: https://cf.cjdropshipping.com/c0e10322-b794-4357-a927-bc3f7972af81.jpg?x-oss-process=image%2Fformat%2Cwebp'

in /usr/lib/php/Oncord/beta/Framework/DOM/Features/Controls/TokenHandler/TokenHandler.inc.php line 176